Athenian society was composed of four main social classes – slaves, metics (non-citizen freepersons), women, and citizens, but within each of these broad classes were several sub-classes (such as the difference between common citizens and aristocratic citizens).

What were the three classes of Athens?

Athenian society was ultimately divided into four main social classes: the upper class; the metics, or middle class; the lower class, or freedmen; and the slave class. The upper class consisted of those born to Athenian parents. They were considered the citizens of Athens.

What were the social classes in Sparta?

Spartan Society The population of Sparta consisted of three main groups: the Spartans, or Spartiates, who were full citizens; the Helots, or serfs/slaves; and the Perioeci, who were neither slaves nor citizens.

What were the three social classes in ancient Greece?

male citizens – three groups: landed aristocrats (aristoi), poorer farmers (periokoi) and the middle class (artisans and traders). semi-free labourers (e.g the helots of Sparta). women – belonging to all of the above male groups but without citizen rights.

What was the social structure of Athens and Sparta?

The Athenian form of electing a government was called Limited Democracy while the Spartan form was called oligarchy” (rule by a few), but it had elements of monarchy (rule by kings), democracy (through the election of council/senators), and aristocracy (rule by the upper class or land owning class).

What were the 4 main classes in order within Sparta?

Inhabitants were classified as Spartiates (Spartan citizens, who enjoyed full rights), Mothakes (non-Spartan, free men raised as Spartans), Perioikoi (free, but non-citizen inhabitants), and Helots (state-owned serfs, part of the enslaved non-Spartan, local population).

What was Athens education?

The goal was that they would be educated enough to advance their society as they grew. They learned basic things like reading, writing and math. Then studied poetry and learned play instruments, before receiving athletic training, where they learned to play games and keep in shape.

Did Athens have citizens as the upper class?

Branch of GovernmentSpartaAthensJudicialKings acted as judges.Court- very large juries chosen by lot who used secret ballots to reach a verdict.

Was there social mobility in Athens?

However, while extensive studies of social mobility exist for Sparta and Rome, only restricted (mainly economic) aspects of social mobility in ancient Athens have been considered, and then only incidentally.

Which social class was most important to Sparta?

Sparta had a highly unusual system of government. Two kings ruled the city, but a 28-member ‘council of elders’ limited their powers. These men were recruited from the highest social class, the aristocratic Spartiates.

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What was the lowest social class in Athens?

Athenians in the Age of Pericles Wealth and land ownership was not typically concentrated in the hands of a few people. In fact, 71-73% of the citizen population owned 60-65% of the land. By contrast, thetes occupied the lowest social class of citizens in Athens.

How was society in Athens similar to and different from society in Sparta?

Both Athens and Sparta had an Assembly, whose members were elected by the people. Sparta was ruled by two kings, who ruled until they died or were forced out of office. … Thus, because both parts of Athens’ government had leaders who were elected, Athens is said to have been the birthplace of democracy.

Did Sparta or Athens have helots performed agricultural work?

In Sparta, subject Greeks, the helots, formed major labour force for farming. In Athens, seems most farmland was controlled by the propertied rich, managed in separate units. Sometimes leased land to tenants but all made use of slaves.

Did Athens have schools?

Children were trained in music, art, literature, science, math, and politics. In Athens, for example, boys were taught at home until they were about six years old. Then boys went to school, where they learned to read and write. … Except for the city-state of Sparta, Greek girls did not go to school.

How does social class affect educational attainment?

In all social groups class plays a major role in the attainment of children in education. At all age groups in the education system it is apparent that working class children achieve lower attainment than children from a middle class background.

Which teaching will social Reconstructionist be?

Social reconstructionism is a philosophy that emphasizes the addressing of social questions and a quest to create a better society and worldwide democracy. Reconstructionist educators focus on a curriculum that highlights social reform as the aim of education.

Did Sparta have a rigid social structure?

Rigid social structure, militaristic and aggressive society, sparta had an oligarchy, athens had a democracy.

Are the 300 Spartans real?

In short, not as much as suggested. It is true there were only 300 Spartan soldiers at the battle of Thermopylae but they were not alone, as the Spartans had formed an alliance with other Greek states. It is thought that the number of ancient Greeks was closer to 7,000. The size of the Persian army is disputed.

What did the upper class do in ancient Greece?

Social Hierarchy This upper class was responsible for everything from the government to education and philosophy. If there was any type of work that needed to be done, slaves were required. Most homes in ancient Greece had slaves to take on these menial tasks.

What is meant by social class?

social class, also called class, a group of people within a society who possess the same socioeconomic status. Besides being important in social theory, the concept of class as a collection of individuals sharing similar economic circumstances has been widely used in censuses and in studies of social mobility.

Why did the Spartans need the helots?

The Spartans were a particularly land-hungry warrior society. In 715 B.C.E., the Spartans solved their need for more land by conquering the agriculturally rich region of Messene. … The helots’ work helped to make Sparta a wealthy city, and in time they became trusted members of Spartan families.

What was the Athens lifestyle?

Ancient Athenians had to eat, of course as well. It was only natural that the majority of them made their living and put food on the table from farming. Citizens often owned land outside the city which provided their income. The Greek landscape and climate, however, made farming a difficult endeavor.

What were Athens values?

Athens Values While Spartans valued military strength, Athenians placed a higher value on education and culture. Their main goal was building a democracy. Athenians believed that the only way to build a strong democracy was to create well informed citizens. Boys were educated.

How many people in Athens were citizens?

Size and make-up of the Athenian population During the 4th century BC, there might well have been some 250,000–300,000 people in Attica. Citizen families could have amounted to 100,000 people and out of these some 30,000 would have been the adult male citizens entitled to vote in the assembly.

Why did Athens and Sparta have different types of government?

Athens focused more on culture, while Sparta focused more on war. The oligarchy structure in Sparta enabled it to keep war as a top priority. The Athenian democratic government gave the citizens in Greece more freedom.

What was Athens culture based on?

The Ancient Greeks were influenced by the Minoans and other Bronze Age civilisations. Ancient Greek music and art, in turn, influenced Roman and Byzantine arts and music. Theatre originated in Greece as a way to honour the gods, and mythology has long been a part of Greek culture.

What type of government did Athens have quizlet?

Athens’ government is a democracy, which means citizens have the power. Sparta’s government was an Obligarchy, which means it was in the hands of a few. Athenians liked to trade.

What were helots in ancient Sparta?

The helots were in a sense state slaves, bound to the soil and assigned to individual Spartans to till their holdings; their masters could neither free them nor sell them, and the helots had a limited right to accumulate property, after paying to their masters a fixed proportion of the produce of the holding.

Which characteristic of government describes Athens not Sparta?

Terms in this set (10) Which characteristic of government describes Athens, not Sparta? All citizens could debate any issue. Who was forced to raise food for the soldiers?

Is lower class and working class the same?

Lower class (occasionally described as working class) are those employed in low-paying wage jobs with very little economic security. The term “lower class” also refers to persons with low income.

How did Athenian society differ from Spartan society quizlet?

– Athens was ruled by a group of elders, while Sparta gave power to the people. – Athens was ruled by a king, while Sparta divided power between citizens and an assembly. Athens was run by the citizens, while Sparta had two kings and a council.